Correcting Chromatic Aberration
The Wikipedia page Chromatic aberration goes into some decent detail about how lenses can be designed with less chromatic aberration, or how it can be corrected in post-processing.
Once you have an understanding of the difference in magnification between the different spectral bands, you apply a resampling to align the laterally separated color channels with each other. You can apply chromatic aberration correction using our https://www.imatest.com/docs/radial-geometry module. For more detail, see this post: https://www.imatest.com/2017/04/distortion-correction/.